Hamming Code in C and C++

Here you will get program for hamming code in C and C++.

Hamming code is a popular error detection and error correction method in data communication. Hamming code can only detect 2 bit error and correct a single bit error which means it is unable to correct burst errors if may occur while transmission of data.

Also Read: Checksum Program in C and C++

Hamming code uses redundant bits (extra bits) which are calculated according to the below formula:-

2^r ≥ m+r+1

Where r is the number of redundant bits required and m is the number of data bits.

R is calculated by putting r = 1, 2, 3 … until the above equation becomes true.

R1 bit is appended at position 2⁰

R2 bit is appended at position 2¹

R3 bit is appended at position 2² and so on.

These redundant bits are then added to the original data for the calculation of error at receiver’s end.

At receiver’s end with the help of even parity (generally) the erroneous bit position is identified and since data is in binary we take complement of the erroneous bit position to correct received data.

Respective index parity is calculated for r1, r2, r3, r4 and so on.

Image Source

Advantages of Hamming Code

Easy to encode and decode data at both sender and receiver end.

Easy to implement.

Disadvantages of Hamming Code

Cannot correct burst errors.
Redundant bits are also sent with the data therefore it requires more bandwidth to send the data.

Program for Hamming Code in C

#include<stdio.h>

void main() {
    int data[10];
    int dataatrec[10],c,c1,c2,c3,i;

    printf("Enter 4 bits of data one by one\n");
    scanf("%d",&data[0]);
    scanf("%d",&data[1]);
    scanf("%d",&data[2]);
    scanf("%d",&data[4]);

    //Calculation of even parity
    data[6]=data[0]^data[2]^data[4];
	data[5]=data[0]^data[1]^data[4];
	data[3]=data[0]^data[1]^data[2];

	printf("\nEncoded data is\n");
	for(i=0;i<7;i++)
        printf("%d",data[i]);

    printf("\n\nEnter received data bits one by one\n");
    for(i=0;i<7;i++)
        scanf("%d",&dataatrec[i]);

    c1=dataatrec[6]^dataatrec[4]^dataatrec[2]^dataatrec[0];
	c2=dataatrec[5]^dataatrec[4]^dataatrec[1]^dataatrec[0];
	c3=dataatrec[3]^dataatrec[2]^dataatrec[1]^dataatrec[0];
	c=c3*4+c2*2+c1 ;

    if(c==0) {
		printf("\nNo error while transmission of data\n");
    }
	else {
		printf("\nError on position %d",c);
    	
		printf("\nData sent : ");
        for(i=0;i<7;i++)
        	printf("%d",data[i]);
        
		printf("\nData received : ");
        for(i=0;i<7;i++)
        	printf("%d",dataatrec[i]);
		
		printf("\nCorrect message is\n");

		//if errorneous bit is 0 we complement it else vice versa
		if(dataatrec[7-c]==0)
			dataatrec[7-c]=1;
        else
			dataatrec[7-c]=0;
		
		for (i=0;i<7;i++) {
			printf("%d",dataatrec[i]);
		}
	}
}

#include<stdio.h>

void main() {

int data[10];

int dataatrec[10],c,c1,c2,c3,i;

printf("Enter 4 bits of data one by one\n");

scanf("%d",&data[0]);

scanf("%d",&data[1]);

scanf("%d",&data[2]);

scanf("%d",&data[4]);

//Calculation of even parity

data[6]=data[0]^data[2]^data[4];

data[5]=data[0]^data[1]^data[4];

data[3]=data[0]^data[1]^data[2];

printf("\nEncoded data is\n");

for(i=0;i<7;i++)

printf("%d",data[i]);

printf("\n\nEnter received data bits one by one\n");

for(i=0;i<7;i++)

scanf("%d",&dataatrec[i]);

c1=dataatrec[6]^dataatrec[4]^dataatrec[2]^dataatrec[0];

c2=dataatrec[5]^dataatrec[4]^dataatrec[1]^dataatrec[0];

c3=dataatrec[3]^dataatrec[2]^dataatrec[1]^dataatrec[0];

c=c3*4+c2*2+c1 ;

if(c==0) {

printf("\nNo error while transmission of data\n");

}

else {

printf("\nError on position %d",c);

printf("\nData sent : ");

for(i=0;i<7;i++)

printf("%d",data[i]);

printf("\nData received : ");

for(i=0;i<7;i++)

printf("%d",dataatrec[i]);

printf("\nCorrect message is\n");

//if errorneous bit is 0 we complement it else vice versa

if(dataatrec[7-c]==0)

dataatrec[7-c]=1;

else

dataatrec[7-c]=0;

for (i=0;i<7;i++) {

printf("%d",dataatrec[i]);

}

Program for Hamming Code in C++

#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

int main() {
    int data[10];
    int dataatrec[10],c,c1,c2,c3,i;

    cout<<"Enter 4 bits of data one by one\n";
    cin>>data[0];
    cin>>data[1];
    cin>>data[2];
    cin>>data[4];

    //Calculation of even parity
    data[6]=data[0]^data[2]^data[4];
	data[5]=data[0]^data[1]^data[4];
	data[3]=data[0]^data[1]^data[2];

	cout<<"\nEncoded data is\n";
	for(i=0;i<7;i++)
        cout<<data[i];
    
	cout<<"\n\nEnter received data bits one by one\n";
    for(i=0;i<7;i++)
        cin>>dataatrec[i];

    c1=dataatrec[6]^dataatrec[4]^dataatrec[2]^dataatrec[0];
	c2=dataatrec[5]^dataatrec[4]^dataatrec[1]^dataatrec[0];
	c3=dataatrec[3]^dataatrec[2]^dataatrec[1]^dataatrec[0];
	c=c3*4+c2*2+c1 ;

    if(c==0) {
		cout<<"\nNo error while transmission of data\n";
    }
	else {
		cout<<"\nError on position "<<c;
		
		cout<<"\nData sent : ";
		for(i=0;i<7;i++)
        	cout<<data[i];
        
		cout<<"\nData received : ";
        for(i=0;i<7;i++)
        	cout<<dataatrec[i];
        
		cout<<"\nCorrect message is\n";
        
		//if errorneous bit is 0 we complement it else vice versa
		if(dataatrec[7-c]==0)
			dataatrec[7-c]=1;
        else
		 	dataatrec[7-c]=0;
		for (i=0;i<7;i++) {
			cout<<dataatrec[i];
		}
	}
	
	return 0;
}

#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

int main() {

int data[10];

int dataatrec[10],c,c1,c2,c3,i;

cout<<"Enter 4 bits of data one by one\n";

cin>>data[0];

cin>>data[1];

cin>>data[2];

cin>>data[4];

//Calculation of even parity

data[6]=data[0]^data[2]^data[4];

data[5]=data[0]^data[1]^data[4];

data[3]=data[0]^data[1]^data[2];

cout<<"\nEncoded data is\n";

for(i=0;i<7;i++)

cout<<data[i];

cout<<"\n\nEnter received data bits one by one\n";

for(i=0;i<7;i++)

cin>>dataatrec[i];

c1=dataatrec[6]^dataatrec[4]^dataatrec[2]^dataatrec[0];

c2=dataatrec[5]^dataatrec[4]^dataatrec[1]^dataatrec[0];

c3=dataatrec[3]^dataatrec[2]^dataatrec[1]^dataatrec[0];

c=c3*4+c2*2+c1 ;

if(c==0) {

cout<<"\nNo error while transmission of data\n";

}

else {

cout<<"\nError on position "<<c;

cout<<"\nData sent : ";

for(i=0;i<7;i++)

cout<<data[i];

cout<<"\nData received : ";

for(i=0;i<7;i++)

cout<<dataatrec[i];

cout<<"\nCorrect message is\n";

//if errorneous bit is 0 we complement it else vice versa

if(dataatrec[7-c]==0)

dataatrec[7-c]=1;

else

dataatrec[7-c]=0;

for (i=0;i<7;i++) {

cout<<dataatrec[i];

}

return 0;

}

Output

Enter 4 bits of data one by one
1
0
1
0

Encoded data is
1010010

Enter received data bits one by one
1
0
1
0
0
1
0

No error while transmission of data

Code Source: http://scanftree.com/programs/c/implementation-of-hamming-code/

This article is submitted by Rahul Maheshwari. You can connect with him on facebook.

Comment below if you have any queries related to above hamming code program in C and C++.

14 thoughts on “Hamming Code in C and C++”

kd7
August 11, 2017 at 10:01 am

This is the correct code please refer this:—-

#include
#include
void main() {
int data[10];
int dataatrec[10],c,c1,c2,c3,i;
clrscr();
printf(“Enter 4 bits of data one by one\n”);
scanf(“%d”,&data[0]);
scanf(“%d”,&data[1]);
scanf(“%d”,&data[2]);
scanf(“%d”,&data[4]);

data[6]=data[0]^data[2]^data[4];
data[5]=data[0]^data[1]^data[4];
data[3]=data[0]^data[1]^data[2];

printf(“\nEncoded data is\n”);
for(i=0;i<7;i++)
printf("%d",data[i]);

printf("\n\nEnter received data bits one by one\n");
for(i=0;i<7;i++)
scanf("%d",&dataatrec[i]);

c1=dataatrec[6]^dataatrec[4]^dataatrec[2]^dataatrec[0];
c2=dataatrec[5]^dataatrec[4]^dataatrec[1]^dataatrec[0];
c3=dataatrec[3]^dataatrec[2]^dataatrec[1]^dataatrec[0];
c=c3*4+c2*2+c1 ;

if(c==0 && dataatrec[6]==data[6] && dataatrec[5]==data[5] && dataatrec[3]==data[3] ) {
printf("\nNo error while transmission of data\n");
}
else {
printf("\nError on position %d",c);

printf("\nData sent : ");
for(i=0;i<7;i++)
printf("%d",data[i]);

printf("\nData received : ");
for(i=0;i<7;i++)
printf("%d",dataatrec[i]);

printf("\nCorrect message is\n");

if(dataatrec[7-c]==0)
dataatrec[7-c]=1;
else
dataatrec[7-c]=0;

for (i=0;i<7;i++) {
printf("%d",data[i]);
}
}
}

1. HD
  October 28, 2017 at 4:49 pm
  
  Any exceptions ? Why ur adding if(c==0 && dataatrec[6]==data[6] && dataatrec[5]==data[5] && dataatrec[3]==data[3] )
  
2. Robin Patoliya
  August 20, 2018 at 10:01 am
  
  Your code has 25 errors
  
  1. Naman
    May 15, 2023 at 6:11 am
    
    It’s working just fine
    
sinamika
August 21, 2017 at 6:47 am

wonderful boss! keep it up….

abid ghori
August 30, 2017 at 6:27 pm

i need Left factoring Elimination program urgently..please do asap!!

poonam
October 24, 2017 at 6:29 am

I need a program in C for FIR filter.Showing its impulse response and magnitude response

ABHISHEK SRIVASTAV
February 7, 2019 at 9:54 am

Zero errors

Harish
February 25, 2019 at 9:21 am

i am enter 1111 as sent data and it shows that the ecoded data is 1111111. Fine but when i give it 1001011 as received data it shows me that there is No error while transmission of data.

1. Akarsh
  March 18, 2019 at 10:31 am
  
  Bro that’s cause hamming code can handle only single bits of data
  
Nilesh Teji
February 27, 2019 at 6:20 am

This is showing 12 errors.

Abreu
December 29, 2019 at 3:08 pm

I Have problem use hamming code encoder send 4 bits 0001 to encoder output 0000111 go to channel 7 bits 1000111 use Binary Symmetric Channel end to decoder output 4 bit some input 0001. and my problem is how to write program to create BSC use c++ please share source code.

Thanks

Sadia Alam
September 21, 2020 at 10:36 am

Input: A binary message
Output: The codeword length if the message is transmitted using hamming code and the position of the parity bits (string of 0’s and 1’s)
How to write a program in c/c++?

Aniket Jaiswal
January 20, 2022 at 5:14 am

Thank you! Your code worked greatly and helped a lot in our assignment.

Advantages of Hamming Code

Disadvantages of Hamming Code

Program for Hamming Code in C

Program for Hamming Code in C++

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14 thoughts on “Hamming Code in C and C++”

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