How to Make a Calculator in Java Using Swing

This tutorial is about how to make a calculator in Java. Below I have shared the simple calculator program in java using swing. It is a simple calculator in Java which can perform basic arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication and division of two numbers. If you are getting any difficulty to understand or run this program then comment below, I will try to solve problem.
Program to Create Calculator Using Java Swing

 

Program to Make a Calculator in Java Using Swing


 

88 thoughts on “How to Make a Calculator in Java Using Swing”

        1. Shresth Dwivedi

          Its simple, just type the following code:-

          f.getContentPane().setBackground(new Color(0,0,0,0)); //if you want a custom color, enter the RGB value //

          OR

          f.getContentPane().setBackground(Color.black); //set the color of the Jframe

        2. Import the awt package and use the method in end of the constructor..
          getContentPane().setBackground(Color.whatever);

  1. Everything worked nicely but when I click on any of the numbers, nothing appears in the text field. And if I click on the operators there are lots of errors. Please help.

    1. you have to add every component separately.This is the only way. Or you can use IDE ,you wont have to write anything accept the code logic there.

  2. sanchita khadka

    simple and understanding code. helped me to understand how it worked thanks a loads. looking forward for other codes as well.

  3. If I hit any operator without entering any values, I want the program to show a message “Enter values”. How can I achieve that?

  4. Very useful code…Thanks a lot

    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
    String n=e.getActionCommand();
    switch (n) {

    case “.” : if(txt.getText().contains(“.”)) {}
    else {
    txt.setText(txt.getText().concat(“.”));
    }
    break;

    }

    Include this piece of code while checking for decimal point. It is to check if a decimal already exists or not, if does not exists, concatenates “.” with the number.
    Try this…!!

  5. //equals to button doesnot work… somebody help..
    import java.awt.*;
    import java.awt.event.*;
    import javax.swing.*;
    public class calculator implements ActionListener {
    static double a=0,b=0;
    static int operator;
    double result=0;
    JFrame f;
    JButton b1,b2,b3,b4,b5,b6,b7,b8,b9,b10,badd,bsub,bmul,bdiv,bclr,beql;
    JPanel p;
    JTextField t;
    calculator(){
    f=new JFrame(“Calculator”);
    f.setSize(500,500);
    f.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
    f.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1));

    p=new JPanel();
    b1=new JButton(“1”);
    b2=new JButton(“2”);
    b3=new JButton(“3”);
    b4=new JButton(“4”);
    b5=new JButton(“5”);
    b6=new JButton(“6”);
    b7=new JButton(“7”);
    b8=new JButton(“8”);
    b9=new JButton(“9”);
    b10=new JButton(“0”);
    badd=new JButton(“+”);
    bsub=new JButton(“-“);
    bmul=new JButton(“*”);
    bdiv=new JButton(“/”);
    bclr=new JButton(“Clear”);
    beql=new JButton(“=”);
    p.setLayout(new GridLayout(4,4));

    t=new JTextField(10);
    p.add(b1);
    p.add(b2);
    p.add(b3);
    p.add(b4);
    p.add(b5);
    p.add(b6);
    p.add(b7);
    p.add(b8);
    p.add(b9);
    p.add(b10);
    p.add(badd);
    p.add(bsub);
    p.add(bmul);
    p.add(bdiv);
    p.add(bclr);
    p.add(beql);
    f.add(t);
    f.add(p);
    p.setVisible(true);
    f.setVisible(true);
    b1.addActionListener(this);
    b2.addActionListener(this);
    b3.addActionListener(this);
    b4.addActionListener(this);
    b5.addActionListener(this);
    b6.addActionListener(this);
    b7.addActionListener(this);
    b8.addActionListener(this);
    b9.addActionListener(this);
    b10.addActionListener(this);
    badd.addActionListener(this);
    bsub.addActionListener(this);
    bmul.addActionListener(this);
    bdiv.addActionListener(this);
    bclr.addActionListener(this);
    beql.addActionListener(this);
    }

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){
    if(e.getSource()==b1){
    t.setText(t.getText().concat(“1”)) ;
    }
    if(e.getSource()==b2){
    t.setText(t.getText().concat(“2”));
    }
    if(e.getSource()==b3){
    t.setText(t.getText().concat(“3”));
    }
    if(e.getSource()==b4){
    t.setText(t.getText().concat(“4”));
    }
    if(e.getSource()==b5){
    t.setText(t.getText().concat(“5”));
    }
    if(e.getSource()==b6){
    t.setText(t.getText().concat(“6”));
    }
    if(e.getSource()==b7){
    t.setText(t.getText().concat(“7”));
    }
    if(e.getSource()==b8){
    t.setText(t.getText().concat(“8”));
    }
    if(e.getSource()==b9){
    t.setText(t.getText().concat(“9”));
    }
    if(e.getSource()==b10){
    t.setText(t.getText().concat(“0”));
    }
    if(e.getSource()==badd){
    a=Double.parseDouble(t.getText());
    operator=1;
    t.setText(t.getText().concat(“+”));
    }
    if(e.getSource()==bsub){
    a=Double.parseDouble(t.getText());
    operator=2;
    t.setText(t.getText().concat(“-“));
    }
    if(e.getSource()==bmul){
    a=Double.parseDouble(t.getText());
    operator=3;
    t.setText(t.getText().concat(“*”));
    }
    if(e.getSource()==bdiv){
    a=Double.parseDouble(t.getText());
    operator=4;
    t.setText(t.getText().concat(“/”));
    }
    if(e.getSource()==bclr){
    t.setText(“”);

    }
    if(e.getSource()==beql){
    b=Double.parseDouble(t.getText());
    switch(operator){
    case 1:
    result=a+b;
    break;
    case 2:
    result=a-b;
    break;
    case 3:
    result=a*b;
    break;
    case 4:
    result=a/b;
    break;
    default:
    result=0;
    }
    t.setText(“”+result);
    }

    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
    new calculator();
    }
    }

  6. //answer is not coming…please help

    import java.awt.*;
    import java.awt.event.*;
    import javax.swing.*;
    import javax.swing.event.*;
    class calc extends JFrame implements ActionListener
    {
    JFrame f; TextArea t; JPanel jp;
    JButton b1,b2,b3,b4,b5,b6,b7,b8,b9,b10,b11,b12,b13,b14,b15,b16,b17,b18,b19,b20;
    calc()
    {
    f= new JFrame(“Panel “);
    f.getContentPane().setBackground(Color.cyan);
    t=new TextArea();
    t.setBounds(40,10,200,200);
    GridLayout gl=new GridLayout(5,4);
    jp=new JPanel(gl);
    jp.setBounds(40,80,200,200);
    jp.setBackground(Color.gray);

    b1=new JButton(“C”); b1.setBackground(Color.gray);
    b2=new JButton(“x2”); b2.setBackground(Color.gray);
    b3=new JButton(“x3”); b3.setBackground(Color.gray);
    b4=new JButton(“0”); b4.setBackground(Color.gray);
    b5=new JButton(“1”); b5.setBackground(Color.gray);
    b6=new JButton(“2”); b6.setBackground(Color.gray);
    b7=new JButton(“3”); b7.setBackground(Color.gray);
    b8=new JButton(“%”); b8.setBackground(Color.gray);
    b9=new JButton(“4”); b9.setBackground(Color.gray);
    b10=new JButton(“5”); b10.setBackground(Color.gray);
    b11=new JButton(“6”); b11.setBackground(Color.gray);
    b12=new JButton(“.”); b12.setBackground(Color.gray);
    b13=new JButton(“7”); b13.setBackground(Color.gray);
    b14=new JButton(“8”); b14.setBackground(Color.gray);
    b15=new JButton(“9”); b15.setBackground(Color.gray);
    b16=new JButton(“=”); b16.setBackground(Color.gray);
    b17=new JButton(“+”); b17.setBackground(Color.gray);
    b18=new JButton(“-“); b18.setBackground(Color.gray);
    b19=new JButton(“*”); b19.setBackground(Color.gray);
    b20=new JButton(“/”); b20.setBackground(Color.gray);

    jp.add(b1); jp.add(b2); jp.add(b3); jp.add(b4); jp.add(b5); jp.add(b6);
    jp.add(b7); jp.add(b8); jp.add(b9); jp.add(b10); jp.add(b11); jp.add(b12);
    jp.add(b13); jp.add(b14); jp.add(b15); jp.add(b16); jp.add(b17);
    jp.add(b18); jp.add(b19); jp.add(b20);

    b1.addActionListener(this); b2.addActionListener(this); b3.addActionListener(this); b4.addActionListener(this);
    b5.addActionListener(this); b6.addActionListener(this); b7.addActionListener(this); b8.addActionListener(this);
    b9.addActionListener(this); b10.addActionListener(this); b11.addActionListener(this); b12.addActionListener(this);
    b13.addActionListener(this); b14.addActionListener(this); b15.addActionListener(this); b16.addActionListener(this);
    b17.addActionListener(this); b18.addActionListener(this); b19.addActionListener(this); b20.addActionListener(this);

    f.add(jp);
    f.add(t);
    f.setSize(400,400);
    f.setLayout(null);
    f.setVisible(true);
    f.setDefaultCloseOperation(f.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
    {
    int ch=0; int a=0;
    if(e.getSource()==b1)
    {
    t.setText(“0”);
    }
    if(e.getSource()==b2)
    {
    String s=t.getText();
    int x=Integer.parseInt(s);
    x=x*x;
    String c=String.valueOf(x);
    t.setText(c);
    }
    if(e.getSource()==b3)
    {
    String s=t.getText();
    int x=Integer.parseInt(s);
    x=x*x*x;
    String c=String.valueOf(x);
    t.setText(c);
    }
    if(e.getSource()==b4)
    {
    String s=t.getText().concat(“0”);
    t.setText(s);
    }
    if(e.getSource()==b5)
    {
    String s=t.getText().concat(“1”);
    t.setText(s);
    }
    if(e.getSource()==b6)
    {
    String s=t.getText().concat(“2”);
    t.setText(s);
    }
    if(e.getSource()==b7)
    {
    String s=t.getText().concat(“3”);
    t.setText(s);
    }
    if(e.getSource()==b8)
    {
    String s=t.getText().concat(“%”);
    ch=1;
    t.setText(” “);
    }
    if(e.getSource()==b9)
    {
    String s=t.getText().concat(“4”);
    t.setText(s);
    }
    if(e.getSource()==b10)
    {
    String s=t.getText().concat(“5”);
    t.setText(s);
    }
    if(e.getSource()==b11)
    {
    String s=t.getText().concat(“6”);
    t.setText(s);
    }
    if(e.getSource()==b12)
    {
    String s=t.getText().concat(“.”);
    t.setText(s);
    }
    if(e.getSource()==b13)
    {
    String s=t.getText().concat(“7”);
    t.setText(s);
    }
    if(e.getSource()==b14)
    {
    String s=t.getText().concat(“8”);
    t.setText(s);
    }
    if(e.getSource()==b15)
    {
    String s=t.getText().concat(“9”);
    t.setText(s);
    }
    if(e.getSource()==b17)
    {
    //String s=t.getText().concat(“+”);
    String s=t.getText();
    a=Integer.parseInt(s);
    t.setText(” “);
    ch=2;
    // t.setText(s);
    }
    if(e.getSource()==b18)
    {
    //String s=t.getText().concat(“-“);
    a=Integer.parseInt(t.getText());
    t.setText(” “);
    ch=3;
    // t.setText(s);
    }
    if(e.getSource()==b19)
    {
    //String s=t.getText().concat(“*”);
    a=Integer.parseInt(t.getText());
    t.setText(” “);
    ch=4;
    //t.setText(s);
    }
    if(e.getSource()==b20)
    {
    //String s=t.getText().concat(“/”);
    a=Integer.parseInt(t.getText());
    t.setText(” “);
    ch=5;
    //t.setText(s);
    }

    if(e.getSource()==b16)
    {
    int b=Integer.parseInt(t.getText());
    int res;
    switch(ch)
    {
    case 1:
    res=a%b;
    t.setText(String.valueOf(res));
    break;
    case 2:
    res=a+b;
    t.setText(String.valueOf(res));
    break;
    case 3:
    res=a-b;
    t.setText(String.valueOf(res));
    break;
    case 4:
    res=a*b;
    t.setText(String.valueOf(res));
    break;
    case 5:
    res=a/b;
    t.setText(String.valueOf(res));
    break;
    default:
    t.setText(“0”);

    }
    }
    }

    public static void main(String args[])
    {
    new calc();
    }
    }

    1. I think there is no need of JPanel. You are using a JPanel and adds all the components to the panel but the JPanel is not added to the JFrame.

  7. Instead of adding each button using setBounds() u can simply create a gridlayout and manage the buttons more easily…just a suugestion to make the program shoter and simpler

  8. im getting ans for addition operator in text filed calculation part but multiplication and divsion part is wrong help me pls….

    import javax.swing.*;
    import java.awt.*;
    import java.awt.event.*;
    import java.awt.Container;
    class Calcu extends JFrame implements ActionListener
    {
    Container container;
    JPanel p;
    JTextField t;
    JButton b1,b2,b3,b4,b5,b6,b7,b8,b9,b0,badd,bsub,bmul,bdiv,beql,bclr,bdot,bdel;
    int op;
    int a,b,result;
    Calcu()
    {

    container=getContentPane();
    ButtonGroup g=new ButtonGroup();
    p=new JPanel();
    setVisible(true);
    setSize(500,500);
    p.setLayout(null);
    setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    setTitle(“CALCULATOR”);
    t=new JTextField();
    t.setBounds(30,40,280,30);
    b1=new JButton(“1”);
    b1.setBounds(40,240,50,40);
    b1.addActionListener(this);
    b2=new JButton(“2”);
    b2.setBounds(110,240,50,40);
    b2.addActionListener(this);
    b3=new JButton(“3”);
    b3.setBounds(180,240,50,40);
    b3.addActionListener(this);
    b4=new JButton(“4”);
    b4.setBounds(40,170,50,40);
    b4.addActionListener(this);
    b5=new JButton(“5”);
    b5.setBounds(110,170,50,40);
    b5.addActionListener(this);
    b6=new JButton(“6”);
    b6.setBounds(180,170,50,40);
    b6.addActionListener(this);
    b7=new JButton(“7”);
    b7.setBounds(40,100,50,40);
    b7.addActionListener(this);
    b8=new JButton(“8”);
    b8.setBounds(110,100,50,40);
    b8.addActionListener(this);
    b9=new JButton(“9”);
    b9.setBounds(180,100,50,40);
    b9.addActionListener(this);
    b0=new JButton(“0”);
    b0.setBounds(110,310,50,40);
    b0.addActionListener(this);
    badd=new JButton(“+”);
    badd.setBounds(250,310,50,40);
    badd.addActionListener(this);
    bsub=new JButton(“-“);
    bsub.setBounds(250,240,50,40);
    bsub.addActionListener(this);
    bdiv=new JButton(“/”);
    bdiv.setBounds(250,100,50,40);
    bdiv.addActionListener(this);
    bmul=new JButton(“*”);
    bmul.setBounds(250,170,50,40);
    bmul.addActionListener(this);
    bdot=new JButton(“.”);
    bdot.setBounds(40,310,50,40);
    bdot.addActionListener(this);
    beql=new JButton(“=”);
    beql.setBounds(180,310,50,40);
    beql.addActionListener(this);
    bclr=new JButton(“clear”);
    bclr.setBounds(180,380,100,40);
    bclr.addActionListener(this);
    bdel=new JButton(“delete”);
    bdel.setBounds(60,380,100,40);
    bdel.addActionListener(this);

    p.add(t);
    p.add(b1);
    p.add(b2);
    p.add(b3);
    p.add(b4);
    p.add(b5);
    p.add(b6);
    p.add(b7);
    p.add(b8);
    p.add(b9);
    p.add(b0);
    p.add(badd);
    p.add(bsub);
    p.add(bdiv);
    p.add(bmul);
    p.add(beql);
    p.add(bclr);
    p.add(bdot);
    p.add(bdel);
    container.add(p);
    }
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
    {
    if (e.getSource()==b1)
    t.setText(t.getText().concat(“1”));
    if(e.getSource()==b2)
    t.setText(t.getText().concat(“2”));
    if(e.getSource()==b3)
    t.setText(t.getText().concat(“3”));
    if(e.getSource()==b4)
    t.setText(t.getText().concat(“4”));
    if(e.getSource()==b5)
    t.setText(t.getText().concat(“5”));
    if(e.getSource()==b6)
    t.setText(t.getText().concat(“6”));
    if(e.getSource()==b7)
    t.setText(t.getText().concat(“7”));
    if(e.getSource()==b8)
    t.setText(t.getText().concat(“8”));
    if(e.getSource()==b9)
    t.setText(t.getText().concat(“9”));
    if(e.getSource()==b0)
    t.setText(t.getText().concat(“0”));
    if(e.getSource()==badd)
    t.setText(t.getText().concat(“+”));
    if(e.getSource()==bsub)
    t.setText(t.getText().concat(“-“));
    if(e.getSource()==bdiv)
    t.setText(t.getText().concat(“/”));
    if(e.getSource()==bmul)
    t.setText(t.getText().concat(“*”));
    if(e.getSource()==beql)
    t.setText(t.getText().concat(“=”));
    if(e.getSource()==bdot)
    t.setText(t.getText().concat(“.”));

    if(e.getSource()==bclr){

    t.setText(” “);
    t.requestFocus();
    }

    if(e.getSource()==badd)
    {
    a=Integer.parseInt(t.getText());
    op=1;

    }
    if(e.getSource()==bsub)
    {
    a=Integer.parseInt(t.getText());
    op=2;

    }
    if(e.getSource()==bdiv)
    {
    a=Integer.parseInt(t.getText());
    op=3;

    }
    if(e.getSource()==bmul)
    {
    a=Integer.parseInt(t.getText());
    op=4;

    }
    if(e.getSource()==beql)
    {
    b=Integer.parseInt(t.getText());
    switch(op)
    {
    case 1:result=a+b;
    break;
    case 2:result=a-b;
    break;
    case 3:result=a/b;
    break;
    case 4:result=a*b;
    break;

    }
    t.setText(“”+result);
    }
    if (e.getSource()==bclr)
    t.setText(“”);

    if(e.getSource()==bdel)
    {
    String s=t.getText();
    t.setText(“”);
    for(int i=0;i<s.length()-1;i++)
    t.setText(t.getText()+s.charAt(i));
    }
    }

    public static void main(String arg[])
    {

    new Calcu().setVisible(true);

    }
    }

  9. what a nice simple and robust program! if you add program to perform square root,it shall be better.any way thank you

  10. I don’t understand the purpose of the static double variables “a” and “b” at the beginning of the code. What are they used for and why are they static? Being static wouldn’t any use of them give the default value 0? I’m just a beginner who was looking to challenge myself by making a calculator app so please be kind and explain in not too complex of a manner. Thank you!

    1. In this program static doesn’t make any difference. Non-static a and b also work the same in this case. Maybe I have accidentally declared them static.

  11. can you please put a code where you can add +/- function as well to the number. like subtracting 2 negative numbers or adding 2 negative numbers

  12. how to have an answer in multiplication, addition, and subtraction that doesn’t have a decimal point? It is okey to have a decimal point in division

  13. This site is just gret. I’ve looked these info a whole lot and I realised that is good written, fast to comprehend.
    I congratulate you because of this article that I am going to tell to prospects friends.
    I request you to go to the gpa-calculator.co site where each learner or university student can find results gpa levels.
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  14. Hi guys , i’m making a calculator in java in which we can solve multiple problems together like 3+81*5+6/3 this whole equation but i’m getting some difficulties like bodmas rule problem like in the given equation first / ,then * after that – and + operations are solved .please help me …to solve this problem. plz suggest me code for that in java.

  15. Class Calc is showing an error that it’s not an abstract and does not override abstract method actionPerformed in ActionLister

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